In about 550 B.C., Nabonidus moved to Arabia leaving Babylon in the hands of Belshazzar. 4). Finally, Nabonidus, the son of a priestess, became king in 556 B.C. CHAPTER 5 Daniel 5:1. The Babylonian name Bêl–shar–uṣur means “Bel, protect the king!” Daniel the prophet served during his reign (Daniel 5). I cannot be sure as to what “desert episode” your professor is referring. After his grandfather Nebuchadnezzar died, his uncle had reigned for two years, only to be murdered by a brother-in-law. It appears then that Belshazzar was empowered to run the government, while Nabonidus moved to Arabia for political refuge and for purposes of political maneuvering. Amel-Marduk And, that’s exactly what has happened. “The term “father” at times has the meaning of grandfather or ancestor.” (SEE ref below). The chronicles of such kings often cover up their failures and aggrandize their accomplishments. This view would make Belshazzar a grandson of Nebuchadnezzar.� Your cooperation is greatly appreciated! The most remarkable aspect of this piece of history, though, is that it names the son of Nabonidus – you guessed it, Belshazzar. Ergo: Daniel’s wrong. When Belshazzar was officially called "son of the king" in contemporary texts, the reference was to the father-son relationship between Belshazzar and Nabonidus, not Nebuchadnezzar. Can you please give me information to refute her? But, more importantly, Daniel’s details don’t begin to fit what we know of Nabonidus’s difficulties. But, because of this failure to read extra-biblical accounts of his madness, combined with the generally accepted tales of Nabonidus’s problems, the critics quickly assume that Daniel confused the two. After a popular rising led by the priests of Marduk, chief god of the city, Nabonidus, who favoured the moon god Sin, made his son Belshazzar coregent and spent much of his reign in Arabia. In fact, the ancient histories record that the king reigning in Babylon at the time of the Persian victory was actually Nabonidus. Another copy is in the British Museum in London. This leads us to believe that while Nabonidus normally lived at Teima, he had returned to Babylon for a visit just prior to the siege of Babylon, had gone out to do battle with the Persians prior to Babylon being surrounded, he was routed, he fled, and the Persians went on to besiege Babylon while Belshazzar was the sitting king. Some accounts claim that Belshazzar was the son of a ruler named Nabonidus who gained power over Babylon after he married one of Nebuchadnezzar’s daughters called Nitorcris. This regency began around 553 B.C. Feel free to copy and distribute any portion of the documents posted here but, we do require that you keep the documents in their entirety and the copyright information with them and intact. According to Middle East historians, the record of Berosus, in his third book, found in a fragment preserved by the Jewish historian Josephus, summarizes the history between Nebuchadnezzar’s death in 562 BC and the fall of Babylon in 539. Neriglissar, 4. Those two stories hardly match. Nebuchadnezzar was the king of Babylon during the deportation of the house of Judah. A simple Google search on the Nabonidus Cylinder will produce a wealth of information concerning the remarkable find. And, let me know how I can help. But, that is truly a spurious argument. Consequently, there is no new audio message for Jan 3, 2021, but I did make some opening comments that include our […], Legal Stuff: The documents contained in this website are the property of Jim McClarty and Grace Christian Assembly. Now the text of the "Prayer of Nabonidus" is an account of the Babylonian king Nabonidus, the father of the Biblical ruler Belshazzar. Now, there’s also the possibility that your professor is referring to a related bit of controversy. The book of Daniel records that king Nebuchadnezzar underwent a punishment from God during which time he suffered a madness that caused him to eat grass, live in the wilderness, his hair grew like eagle’s feathers and his nails grew like talons. Was Daniel mistaken? That’s about the best ancient record we have of the events surrounding the last Babylonian kings. Though Belshazzar was the grandson of Nebuchadnezzar through his mother, the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar, he only ruled as co-regent with his less-than-royal blood father, Nebo nidus. If it were ever proven that Daniel was in fact correct, the entire list of assumptions would tumble down like a house of cards. Critics point out that the historic records fail to mention this period of madness for the great king. The leaders of the conspiracy appointed Nabonidus – one of the conspirators, not a legal heir to the throne – as king and he reigned for seventeen years before being defeated by Cyrus the Persian. The Nabonidus Cylinder contains echoes from earlier foundation texts, and develops the same themes as later ones, like the better-known Cyrus Cylin… Thanks. Nebuchadnezzar was king of Babylon from 605BC to 562BC. The text was written after Nabonidus' return from Arabia in his thirteenth regnal year, but before war broke out with the Persian king Cyrus the Great, who is mentioned as an instrument of the gods. This morning was a not a typical meeting at GCA. The next four years Neriglisar was on the throne. Thus was fulfilled Jeremiah’s prophecy (Jer 27:7) that “all nations would serve him [Nebuchadnezzar], his son [Evil-Merodach] and his grandson [Belshazzar] until the time for his land comes.” In the process, two sons-in-law (Neriglissar and Nabonidus) and another grandson (Labashi-Marduk) also reigned. So, let’s start at the start. By contrast the Prayer of Nabonidus (4QPrNab) represents an older form of a tradition preserved in the Bible, namely the story of Nebuchadnezzar's madness (Dan. He was the king who held a feast for a thousand of his generals and leaders, during which feast he toasted his gods utilizing vessels stolen from the temple in Jerusalem. Keep digging. He didn’t return for 10 years, and then only to be captured by the Persians. In about 550 B.C., Nabonidus moved to Arabia leaving Babylon in the hands of Belshazzar. Belshazzar was actually the son of Nabonidus, not of Nebuchadnezzar. Once again, it is an attempt to discredit Daniel, despite the fact that every actual historic record unearthed has continued to defend his credibility as an honest and accurate historian. However, from a number of primary sources (some that even date from the Babylonian empire itself) we know that Belshazzar’s father was actually Nabonidus — a king who was not related to Nebuchadnezzar. Since that time, records have been unearthed declaring that Belshazzar served as regent in Babylon while his father was absent at the oasis of Teima in Arabia. naʼid; the god Nabu (Nebo) is exalted]. To do that, the critics would have to produce a historic document that actually contradicts Daniel. Likewise, Daniel’s vision of four beasts in Chapter 7 is recorded as occurring “in the first year of Belshazzar, king of Babylon.” And, Chapter 8 begins “In the third year of the reign of king Belshazzar…”. – The can be no greater vindication for Belshazzar being called the “king” than this, though he was second in the kingdom. He was followed by his son, Evil-Merodach. By the way, Sir Robert Anderson’s book, “Daniel In The Critics’ Den” published in 1909 and more recently John Walvoord’s book, “Daniel, The Key To Prophetic Revelation” both deal with this issue. How Archaeology Vindicated The Bible’s Curious Claims About King Belshazzar Secular history failed to record any mention of a Babylonian king named Belshazzar. Daniel (5:22) referred to Belshazzar as Nebuchadnezzar’s son, yet other historical records suggest Belshazzar is the son of Nabonidus. The small cuneiform foundation cylinder shown below, now in the British Museum, ends with a prayer in the name of Nabonidus and his son, Belshazzar. But, here’s the problem. It has yet to fail any test thrown at it by the critics. Trust the Word. Their eldest son Belshazzar was made regent and co-ruler with him. It is this reference in chapter five that highlights the misidentification problem in the book of Daniel. Hopefully the professor will eventually come to accept Jesus as her savior. The Aramaic term for son can be used to describe a male in a person’s lineage. Nabonidus fled to Borsippa, and on 12 October, after Cyrus' engineers had diverted the waters of the Euphrates, the soldiers of Cyrus entered Babylon without the need for a battle. That king soon died, leaving the throne to his son, Belshazzar's cousin, who was assassinated by order of Nabonidus. The narrative of Daniel is not safe yet, however, for Daniel clearly states that Nebuchadnezzar was the father of Belshazzar, while the Nabonidus Cylinders say Belshazzar was the son of Nabonidus, who was a son-in-law of Nebuchadnezzar; this would make Belshazzar a maternal grandson of Nebuchadnezzar, but not a son, as Daniel claims.
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